About the Authors

Timothy C. Matisziw

matisziwt@missouri.edu

Affiliations Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Geography, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America, Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America

Tony H. Grubesic

Affiliation Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Analysis Laboratory, College of Information Science and Technology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Junyu Guo

Affiliation Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TCM THG JG. Performed the experiments: TCM THG JG. Analyzed the data: TCM THG JG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TCM THG JG. Wrote the paper: TCM THG JG.