About the Authors
- Claudia Dussaubat
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Jean-Luc Brunet
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Mariano Higes
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Affiliation Bee Pathology Laboratory, Centro Apícola Regional, JCCM, Marchamalo, Spain
- John K. Colbourne
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Affiliation The Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- Jacqueline Lopez
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Affiliation The Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- Jeong-Hyeon Choi
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Affiliation The Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- Raquel Martín-Hernández
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Affiliation Bee Pathology Laboratory, Centro Apícola Regional, JCCM, Marchamalo, Spain
- Cristina Botías
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Affiliation Bee Pathology Laboratory, Centro Apícola Regional, JCCM, Marchamalo, Spain
- Marianne Cousin
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Cynthia McDonnell
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Marc Bonnet
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Luc P. Belzunces
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Robin F. A. Moritz
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Affiliation Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Yves Le Conte
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Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
- Cédric Alaux
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* E-mail: cedric.alaux@avignon.inra.fr
Affiliation INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: CD YLC CA. Performed the experiments: CD JLB MH JL RMH CB MC MB. Analyzed the data: CD JLB JKC JHC CM CA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MH JKC LPB YLC. Wrote the paper: CD JLB RFAM YLC CA.