About the Authors

Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani

Affiliations Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, Social Security Organization, Tehran, Iran

Farin Kamangar

Affiliations Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Public Health Analysis, School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Masoud Sotoudeh

Affiliation Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Stephanie Villar

Affiliation International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Farhad Islami

Affiliations Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America

Karim Aghcheli

Affiliation Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Dariush Nasrollahzadeh

Affiliations Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Noushin Taghavi

Affiliation Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Sanford M. Dawsey

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Christian C. Abnet

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Stephen M. Hewitt

Affiliation Tissue Array Research Program, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Saman Fahimi

Affiliations Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Farrokh Saidi

Affiliation Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Paul Brennan

Affiliation International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Paolo Boffetta

Affiliations Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America, International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France

Reza Malekzadeh

Affiliation Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Pierre Hainaut

hainaut@iarc.fr

Affiliation International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PH BA-A RM. Performed the experiments: BA-A SV. Analyzed the data: FI FK CCA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MS KA DN NT SF SMH SMD PH RM. Wrote the paper: BA-A PH. Critical revision of the manuscript: P. Brennan P. Boffeta CCA SMD FK RM FS.