About the Authors

Remy Elbez

Affiliations Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Brandon H. McNaughton

Affiliations Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Lalit Patel

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Kenneth J. Pienta

Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Urology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Raoul Kopelman

kopelman@umich.edu

Affiliations Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RE RK BHM. Performed the experiments: RE. Analyzed the data: RE BHM LP KJP RK. Wrote the paper: RE RK BHM. Viability tests: LP KJP.