About the Authors

Marcela P. Vizcaychipi

Affiliation Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Dafydd G. Lloyd

Affiliation Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Yanjie Wan

Affiliation Department of Anesthesiology, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China

Mark G. Palazzo

Affiliation Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Mervyn Maze

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Daqing Ma

d.ma@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: Professor M. Maze is a consultant for Air Products, a company with an interest in developing clinical applications for xenon. The additional authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MV DL WY MP MM DM. Performed the experiments: MV DL. Analyzed the data: MV DL DM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MV DL YW MP MM DM. Wrote the paper: MV DL YW MP MM DM.