About the Authors
- Cho Yeow Koh
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Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Sundramurthy Kumar
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Current address: X-ray Crystallographic Unit, Biopolis Shared Facility, Singapore, Singapore
Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Maria Kazimirova
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Affiliation Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Patricia A. Nuttall
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Affiliation NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Uvaraj P. Radhakrishnan
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Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
- Seongcheol Kim
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Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
- Pudur Jagadeeswaran
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Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
- Takayuki Imamura
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Affiliation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
- Jun Mizuguchi
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Affiliation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
- Sadaaki Iwanaga
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Affiliation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
- Kunchithapadam Swaminathan
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* E-mail: dbskinim@nus.edu.sg (RMK); dbsks@nus.edu.sg (KS)
Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- R. Manjunatha Kini
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* E-mail: dbskinim@nus.edu.sg (RMK); dbsks@nus.edu.sg (KS)
Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: CYK PJ KS RMK. Performed the experiments: CYK S. Kumar UPR S. Kim KS. Analyzed the data: CYK S. Kumar MK PAN KS RMK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TI JM SI. Wrote the paper: CYK MK PAN KS RMK. Designed and synthesized variegin peptides, carried out thrombin inhibition assays, crystallized thrombin: s-variegin complex, analyzed data and wrote the manuscript: CYK. Determined the structure: S. Kumar. Analyzed data and wrote the manuscript: MK PAN. Designed and carried out zebrafish larvae venous thrombosis model experiments: UPR S. Kim PJ. Prepared and provided thrombin: TI JM SI. Collected crystal diffraction data, determined the structure, analyzed data and wrote the manuscript: KS. Conceptualized, designed the study, analyzed data and wrote the manuscript: RMK.