About the Authors

Whittney Dotzler Barkhuff

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

Stacey D. Gilk

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

Ryan Whitmarsh

Affiliation Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Lucas D. Tilley

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

Chris Hunter

Affiliation Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Gary E. Ward

Gary.Ward@uvm.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WDB SDG RW LDT CH GEW. Performed the experiments: WDB SDG RW LDT. Analyzed the data: WDB SDG RW LDT CH GEW. Wrote the paper: WDB SDG RW LDT CH GEW.