About the Authors

Philippe Bouché

ph_bouche@yahoo.com

Affiliation Unité de Gestion des Ressources Forestières et des Milieux Naturels, Université de Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium

Iain Douglas-Hamilton

Affiliations Save The Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom

George Wittemyer

Affiliations Save The Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya, Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

Aimé J. Nianogo

Affiliation Programme pour l'Afrique Centrale et Occidentale (PACO), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Jean-Louis Doucet

Affiliation Unité de Gestion des Ressources Forestières et des Milieux Naturels, Université de Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium

Philippe Lejeune

Affiliation Unité de Gestion des Ressources Forestières et des Milieux Naturels, Université de Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium

Cédric Vermeulen

Affiliation Unité de Gestion des Ressources Forestières et des Milieux Naturels, Université de Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PB IDH AJN. Performed the experiments: PB IDH RFWB. Analyzed the data: PB IDH RFWB PL CV. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PB PL CV JLD. Wrote the paper: PB RFWB PL JLD CV. Helped in analyzing data and editing the manuscript: GW.