About the Authors

Umesh B. Masharani

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Betty A. Maddux

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Xiaojuan Li

Affiliation Department of Radiology, Musculo-Skeletal Quantitative Imaging Research (MQIR), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Giorgos K. Sakkas

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Kathleen Mulligan

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Morris Schambelan

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Ira D. Goldfine

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Jack F. Youngren

jack.youngren@ucsf.edu

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: UBM IDG JFY KM MS. Performed the experiments: UBM BAM. Analyzed the data: XL GKS UBM JFY. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GKS KM. Wrote the paper: JFY IDG UBM.