About the Authors

April L. Kelley

Affiliation Project San Francisco, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Kigali, Rwanda

Etienne Karita

Affiliation Project San Francisco, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Kigali, Rwanda

Patrick S. Sullivan

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Francois Katangulia

Affiliation Social Scientific Systems, Inc/Monitoring and Evaluation Management Services (SSS/MEMS), Kigali, Rwanda

Elwyn Chomba

Affiliation Zambia Emory HIV Research Project, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Lusaka, Zambia

Michel Carael

Affiliation UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland

Joseph Telfair

Affiliation Department of Public Health Research and Practice, Center for Social, Community and Health Research and Evaluation, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America

Steve M. Dunham

Affiliation Zambia Emory HIV Research Project, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Lusaka, Zambia

Cheswa M. Vwalika

Affiliation Zambia Emory HIV Research Project, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Lusaka, Zambia

Michele G. Kautzman

Affiliation Zambia Emory HIV Research Project, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Lusaka, Zambia

Kristin M. Wall

kmwall@emory.edu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Susan A. Allen

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Departments of Epidemiology and Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EK FK JT CMV MGK SAA. Performed the experiments: FK MC JT SMD CMV MGK. Analyzed the data: ALK EK PSS FK EC KMW. Wrote the paper: ALK EK PSS FK EC MC JT SMD CMV MGK KMW SAA.