About the Authors

Amy Herman-Roloff

aherma2@uic.edu

Affiliations Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Nyanza Reproductive Health Society, Kisumu, Kenya

Emma Llewellyn

Affiliation Nyanza Reproductive Health Society, Kisumu, Kenya

Walter Obiero

Affiliation Nyanza Reproductive Health Society, Kisumu, Kenya

Kawango Agot

Affiliation Impact Research and Development Organization, Kisumu, Kenya

Jeckoniah Ndinya-Achola

† Deceased.

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Nicholas Muraguri

Affiliation National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya

Robert C. Bailey

Affiliations Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Nyanza Reproductive Health Society, Kisumu, Kenya

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AHR EL KA JNA NM RCB. Performed the experiments: AHR EL. Analyzed the data: AHR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AHR EL. Wrote the paper: AHR. Reviewed the entire manuscript: EL WO KA JNA NM RCB. Managed implementation of VMMC activities: EL WO.