About the Authors

Reinhard Kaiser

rkaiser@ke.cdc.gov

Affiliation Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya

Rebecca Bunnell

Affiliations Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Allen Hightower

Affiliations Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya, Center for Global Health, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Andrea A. Kim

Affiliation Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Peter Cherutich

Affiliation National AIDS/STI Control Programme (NASCOP), Nairobi, Kenya

Mary Mwangi

Affiliation Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya

Tom Oluoch

Affiliation Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya

Sufia Dadabhai

Affiliation University of California San Francisco, Nairobi, Kenya

Patrick Mureithi

Affiliation National AIDS Control Council (NACC), Nairobi, Kenya

Nelly Mugo

Affiliations Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Jonathan Mermin

Affiliations Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

for the KAIS Study Group

Competing Interests

The corresponding author declares, on behalf of all authors, that there are no financial, personal, or professional interests that could be construed to have influenced the paper. The study has not been funded or sponsored by industry. Also, the article has not been written by a professional medical writer. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RK RB AH AAK MM TO SD PM PC NM JM. Performed the experiments: RK RB AAK PC MM TO SD PM JM. Analyzed the data: AH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RK RB AH AAK. Wrote the paper: RK RB AH JM.