About the Authors

Guang Xue He

Contributed equally to this work with: Guang Xue He, Yan Guang Xie

Affiliations National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Yan Guang Xie

Contributed equally to this work with: Guang Xue He, Yan Guang Xie

Affiliation Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Li Xia Wang

Affiliation National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China

Martien W. Borgdorff

Affiliation Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Marieke J. van der Werf

Affiliations Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands

Ji Huan Fan

Affiliation Public Health School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

Xing Lu Yan

Affiliation Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Fa Bin Li

Affiliation Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Xue Zhi Zhang

Affiliation Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Yan Lin Zhao

Affiliation National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China

Susan van den Hof

vandenhofs@kncvtbc.nl

Affiliations Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GXH YGX LXW XLY FBL XZZ. Performed the experiments: YGX XLY FBL XZZ YLZ. Analyzed the data: GXH MWB JHF XLY FBL XZZ YLZ SvdH. Wrote the paper: GXH YGX LXW MWB MvdW JHF SvdH.