High GUD Incidence in the Early 20th Century Created a Particularly Permissive Time Window for the Origin and Initial Spread of Epidemic HIV Strains

João Dinis de Sousa; Viktor Müller; Philippe Lemey; Anne-Mieke Vandamme

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009936

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

High GUD Incidence in the Early 20^th Century Created a Particularly Permissive Time Window for the Origin and Initial Spread of Epidemic HIV Strains

João Dinis de Sousa ,

* E-mail: joao.sousa@rega.kuleuven.be

Affiliation Laboratory for Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
⨯
Viktor Müller,

Affiliation Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
⨯
Philippe Lemey,

Affiliation Laboratory for Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
⨯
Anne-Mieke Vandamme

Affiliations Laboratory for Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
⨯

High GUD Incidence in the Early 20^th Century Created a Particularly Permissive Time Window for the Origin and Initial Spread of Epidemic HIV Strains

João Dinis de Sousa,
Viktor Müller,
Philippe Lemey,
Anne-Mieke Vandamme

Published: April 1, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009936

About the Authors

João Dinis de Sousa

* E-mail: joao.sousa@rega.kuleuven.be

Affiliation Laboratory for Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Viktor Müller

Affiliation Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

Philippe Lemey

Affiliation Laboratory for Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Anne-Mieke Vandamme

Affiliations Laboratory for Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JDdS VM PL AMV. Performed the experiments: VM PL. Analyzed the data: JDdS VM PL AMV. Wrote the paper: JDdS VM PL AMV.

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HIV epidemiology
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Circumcision
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HIV-1
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HIV
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SIV
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HIV-2
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Syphilis
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Africa
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