About the Authors

Robert W. Thacker

thacker@uab.edu

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

M. Cristina Díaz

Affiliation Museo Marino de Margarita, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela

Nicole J. de Voogd

Affiliation Naturalis, National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands

Rob W. M. van Soest

Affiliation Zoological Museum of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Christopher J. Freeman

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Andrew S. Mobley

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Jessica LaPietra

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Kevin Cope

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Sheila McKenna

Affiliations Deep Search Foundation, Alameda, California, United States of America, Ecology Centre and Commonwealth Facility for Applied Environmental Decision Analysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RT SM. Performed the experiments: RT. Analyzed the data: RT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RT MCD CJF. Wrote the paper: RT NJdV RWMvS CJF ASM JL KC SM. Completed the field survey: RT. Completed histology and microscopy to identify specimens: RT NJdV RWMvS CJF ASM JL KC. Confirmed sponge identifications: MCD. Identified historical specimens: NJdV RWMvS. Assisted with field surveys: SM.