About the Authors

Jesse C. Wiley

jwiley@u.washington.edu

Affiliation Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

James S. Meabon

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Harald Frankowski

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Elise A. Smith

Affiliation Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Leslayann C. Schecterson

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Mark Bothwell

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Warren C. Ladiges

Affiliation Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JCW MAB WCL. Performed the experiments: JCW JSM LCS EAS. Analyzed the data: JCW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HF MAB WCL. Wrote the paper: JCW MAB WCL.