About the Authors

Flaviano S. Martins

Current address: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Katz Group Rexall Center, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Affiliations Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Guillaume Dalmasso

Current address: Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Affiliations Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France

Rosa M. E. Arantes

Affiliation Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Anne Doye

Affiliations Team 6: Toxines microbiennes dans la relation hôte-pathogènes, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France

Emmanuel Lemichez

Affiliations Team 6: Toxines microbiennes dans la relation hôte-pathogènes, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France, Service de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France

Patricia Lagadec

Affiliations Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France

Veronique Imbert

Affiliations Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France

Jean-François Peyron

Affiliations Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France, Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France

Patrick Rampal

Affiliation Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Monaco, Monaco

Jacques R. Nicoli

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Dorota Czerucka

czerucka@unice.fr

Affiliations Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France

Competing Interests

D. Czerucka has acted as a consultant or scientific advisor to the company interested in developing therapeutic interventions for intestinal infections and inflammatory disorders; this company is: BIOCODEX S.A. (Gentilly, France). She has a financial competing interest including salaries and travel grant. The content of this article was neither influenced nor constrained by this fact. P. Rampal acts as an expert for Biocodex with non financial competing interest. The content of this article was neither influenced nor constrained by this fact. There are not relevant patents or products in development or marketed product related to this research. It does not alter these authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JFP PR JN DC. Performed the experiments: FSM GD RMEA PL DC. Analyzed the data: FSM RMEA AD EL VI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AD EL VI. Wrote the paper: FSM EL VI JFP DC.