About the Authors

Rajaie Namas

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ali Ghuma

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Andres Torres

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Patricio Polanco

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Hernando Gomez

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Derek Barclay

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Lisa Gordon

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Sven Zenker

Current address: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany

Affiliations Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Hyung Kook Kim

Affiliation Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Linda Hermus

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ruben Zamora

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Matthew R. Rosengart

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Gilles Clermont

Affiliations Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Andrew Peitzman

Affiliation Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Timothy R. Billiar

Affiliations Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Juan Ochoa

Affiliations Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Michael R. Pinsky

Affiliations Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Juan Carlos Puyana

Affiliations Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Yoram Vodovotz

vodovotzy@upmc.edu

Affiliations Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PP HG SZ MP JP YV. Performed the experiments: RN AT PP HG DB LG SZ HKK. Analyzed the data: RN AG AT SZ LH RZ MR GC AP TB JO MP JP YV. Wrote the paper: RN AG AT SZ LH RZ MR GC AP TB JO MP YV.