About the Authors

Lora K. Shahine

lora@shahine.com

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Julie D. Lamb

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Ruth B. Lathi

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Amin A. Milki

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Elizabeth Langen

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Lynn M. Westphal

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LKS. Performed the experiments: LKS. Analyzed the data: JDL. Wrote the paper: LKS. Contributed to the concept of the paper: RBL AAM LMW. Revised the manuscript, and gave final approval of the version to be published: RBL AAM EL. Gathered most of the data for analysis: EL LMW. Was the primary mentor for the project: LMW.