About the Authors
- Shanmugalakshmi Sadagopal
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Miriam Braunstein
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Cynthia C. Hager
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Jie Wei
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Alexandria K. Daniel
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Markian R. Bochan
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Current address: Infectious Disease of Indiana, PSC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Ian Crozier
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Nathaniel E. Smith
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Hiriam O. Gates
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Louise Barnett
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Luc Van Kaer
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- James O. Price
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Affiliation Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Timothy S. Blackwell
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Affiliations Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Spyros A. Kalams
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Affiliations Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Douglas S. Kernodle
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* E-mail: doug.kernodle@vanderbilt.edu
Affiliations Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
Competing Interests
MRB and DSK are named inventors on patents for modified BCG vaccines with reduced activity of anti-apoptotic microbial enzymes assigned to Vanderbilt University and the United States Government as represented by the Department of Veterans Affairs. MB is a named inventor on a patent application for SecA2 deletion filed by the University of North Carolina, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. None of the other authors have a financial interest related to this work.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: SS MB CCH JW AKD MRB IC NES HOG LVK JOP TB SAK DSK. Performed the experiments: SS MB CCH JW AKD MRB IC NES HOG LB. Analyzed the data: SS JW NES LB LVK JOP SAK DSK. Wrote the paper: SS MB LVK SAK DSK.