About the Authors

Kaisa Silander

kaisa.silander@ktl.fi

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Mervi Alanne

Contributed equally to this work with: Mervi Alanne, Kati Kristiansson

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Kati Kristiansson

Contributed equally to this work with: Mervi Alanne, Kati Kristiansson

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Olli Saarela

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Samuli Ripatti

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Kirsi Auro

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Juha Karvanen

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Sangita Kulathinal

Affiliation Indic Society for Education and Development, Nashik, India

Matti Niemelä

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Pekka Ellonen

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Erkki Vartiainen

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Pekka Jousilahti

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Janna Saarela

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Kari Kuulasmaa

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Alun Evans

Affiliation The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Markus Perola

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Veikko Salomaa

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Leena Peltonen

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KS MA KKristiansson KA JK SK KKuulasmaa AE MP VS LP. Performed the experiments: KS MA KKristiansson KA PE JS. Analyzed the data: KS MA KKristiansson OS SR JK SK KKuulasmaa MP LP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MN EV PJ VS. Wrote the paper: KS MA KKristiansson OS SR KA JK SK MN PE EV PJ JS KKuulasmaa AE MP VS LP. Responsible for the DNA sample management: MA. Participated in SNP selection: MA KKristiansson KA MP. Participated in genotyping: MA KKristiansson KA PE JS. Participated in data analyses: KS MA KKristiansson SR MP. Responsible for the statistical analysis of the data: OS. Participated in data management, case-cohort selection, and statistical analysis: JK SK. Responsible for phenotype data quality assessment: MN. Participated in recruitment of the FINRISK cohorts: EV PJ VS. Participated in whole genome amplification of DNA samples: JS. Responsible for data management and case-cohort selection: KKuulasmaa. Participated in study design: KS KKuulasmaa AE MP VS. MORGAM Project Coordinator: AE. Participated in the assessment of the clinical diagnoses: VS. Has had an overall responsibility of the study design and data analyses: LP. Responsible for SNP selection: KS. Responsible for DNA sample quality, whole genome amplification of DNA, genotyping, and writing the manuscript: KS. Holds overall responsibility of the data presented: KS.