About the Authors

Richard M. Cubbon

Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health & Therapeutics, The LIGHT Laboratories, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Afroze Abbas

Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health & Therapeutics, The LIGHT Laboratories, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Stephen B. Wheatcroft

Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health & Therapeutics, The LIGHT Laboratories, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Niamh Kilcullen

Affiliation C-NET Group, Clinical Cardiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom

Raj Das

Affiliation C-NET Group, Clinical Cardiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom

Christine Morrell

Affiliation C-NET Group, Clinical Cardiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom

Julian H. Barth

Affiliation Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom

Mark T. Kearney

m.t.kearney@leeds.ac.uk

Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health & Therapeutics, The LIGHT Laboratories, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Alistair S. Hall

Affiliation C-NET Group, Clinical Cardiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom

for the EMMACE-2 investigators

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RC AA SBW NK RD JB MK ASH. Performed the experiments: NK RD CM JB MK ASH. Analyzed the data: RC MK ASH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JB MK ASH. Wrote the paper: RC MK ASH.