About the Authors

Bernardo V. Alvarez

Affiliations Membrane Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Gregory S. Gilmour

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Silvina C. Mema

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Brent T. Martin

Affiliation Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Gary E. Shull

Affiliation Departments of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Joseph R. Casey

Affiliations Membrane Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Yves Sauvé

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ysauve@ualberta.ca

Affiliations Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BA YS. Performed the experiments: BA YS GG SM BM. Analyzed the data: BA YS GG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JC GS. Wrote the paper: BA JC YS. Other: Wrote the first draft of the paper: YS. Responsible for generating the AE3 deficient mice: GS.