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Is conventional binocular rivalry affected by contrast polarity?

Posted by RobertPOShea on 16 Jan 2008 at 17:16 GMT

If binocular rivalry were to depend on the repetition of identical stimuli within a single eye, repetition periods in this experiment should be halved
http://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001429#article1.body1.sec2.sec4.p1

The authors need to explain whether contrast polarity affects conventional binocular rivalry. Although I can grasp the authors' logic about a contrast-polarity change making the stimuli differ without changing the orientation, when I look at Figure 1D it's very hard to tell that the stimuli differ when the contrast polarity is changed (the magnitude of the change depends on the spatial frequency of the stimuli). I cannot think of any evidence that such a subtle spatial change would affect conventional binocular rivalry. Can the authors?

RE: Is conventional binocular rivalry affected by contrast polarity?

jjavanboxtel replied to RobertPOShea on 29 Jan 2008 at 11:59 GMT

Our stimuli were large (approx 3 deg), and had low spatial frequencies (0.86 cpd). The gratings in figure 1 are much smaller than the gratings used in the real experiment. Changes in contrast polarity with our stimuli were easily observed.
However, when short temporal intervals separated multiple contrast reversals from each other, the reversals were less conspicuous, and possibly as a result thereof rivalry set in.

I know of three papers that have looked at the influence of polarity reversals on conventional binocular rivalry.

You have investigated it in 1986 (O’Shea & Blake, 1986, perception and psychophysics), using sinewave gratings that were counter-phased. One grating was modulated at 4Hz, the frequency of the other grating changed over trials.
In the methods section of O’Shea & Blake it is mentioned that this procedure yielded no normal rivalry for 0.5 Hz and 1Hz modulations, but it did at higher temporal frequencies. This suggests that normal rivalry would set in at >2Hz modulations (not far from the limit we reported). In O’Shea & Blake the gratings were small (1.2 deg) and had a higher spatial frequency (4 cpd), compared to our study (~3deg and 0.87 cpd). In our study the contrast reversals should therefore have been easier to not notice, and the reversals were more likely to disrupt the rivalry process.

The other two studies looked at the influence of sudden contrast reversals on the continuation of a dominance period during rivalry (Blake & Fox, 1974, Vision Res; Walker & Powell, 1979, Vision Res). In some sense this more similar to our stimuli which consisted of sudden contrast reversals in one eye, while the other eye temporarily received a non-changing stimulus.
These studies found that the dominance duration was shortened when a contrast reversal was executed in the suppressed eye. (FYI: both studies used 4cpd squarewave gratings, size 1x1 deg (Blake & Fox), and a circular 1 deg patch, and 4.3 deg patch for suppressed and dominance stimuli respectively.)

It therefore seems that there is evidence that contrast reversals do influence conventional binocular rivalry, as well as evidence that contrast reversals do not influence conventional binocular rivalry.

RE: RE: Is conventional binocular rivalry affected by contrast polarity?

RobertPOShea replied to jjavanboxtel on 09 Apr 2008 at 09:53 GMT

Thanks!