This comprehensive and meticulous study probably breaks the all-time record in terms of manuscript length! Rather than breaking the manuscript into several articles, I see that the authors tried to give a single authoritative statement on nanobacteria, and they should be commended for this unique approach. This article will certainly become the definitive guide for the nanobacteria field. Had other similar studies employed the same kind of exhaustively critical scrutiny seen here, we would have been spared of the hundreds of controversial papers in the nanobacteria field.